Blepharitis

What is Blepharitis?

Inflammation of the eyelids is referred to as blepharitis. Blepharitis causes red, itchy and swollen eyelids. The condition usually affects both eyes along the edges of your eyelids. Blepharitis can be difficult to treat sometimes. However, it does not cause any permanent damage to your eyesight.

What are the Causes of Blepharitis?

The exact cause of blepharitis is not known. In some cases, it can occur when tiny oil glands near the base of the eyelashes become clogged or malfunction, causing irritation and redness.

Some of the other causes include:

Dry eyes
Infection
Seborrheic dermatitis
Rosacea, redness due to blockage of blood vessels on the face
Allergic reactions to contact lens solutions, eye medications or eye makeup
Eyelash mites or lice

What are the Symptoms of Blepharitis?

Characteristic symptoms of blepharitis include:

Red or watery eyes
Burning or stinging sensation in the eyes
Greasy or itchy eyelids
Red or swollen eyelids
Skin flaking around the eyes
Sticking of the eyelid
More frequent blinking
Light sensitivity
Blurred vision

How is Blepharitis Diagnosed?

A diagnosis of blepharitis is based on your signs and symptoms and a complete eye examination using a specialised magnifying tool. This eye examination checks for inflammation and the presence of fungi, bacteria, or viruses, which can indicate an infection.

If you have symptoms of an infection, your doctor performs a swab test of your eye and collects a sample of any fluid from your eyes. This sample is then examined under a microscope for fungi, bacteria or evidence of an allergy.

What are the Treatment Options for Blepharitis?

Self-care measures such as using warm compresses and washing your eyes are the initial stages of treatment. If self-care measures do not work, your doctor might suggest the following treatment options, which include:

Medications in the form of eyedrops, ointments, creams or tablets for oral consumption.
Medications may include steroids to reduce inflammation, antibiotics to treat infection, and immunosuppressive drugs to treat immune-related disease.